Introduction
In terms of capabilities, mechanical structures and electrical complexity, humanoid robot development is progressing quickly. To achieve human-like motion, such as grasping delicate objects, maintaining balance while standing or walking, and interacting safely in any given environment, the systems inside a humanoid robot must have precise, real-time awareness of the forces acting upon it.
In other words, from dexterous hands to load-bearing hips and knees, torque and force sensing play a fundamental role in enabling safe interaction and reliable performance; smoother, refined, controlled motion; and accurate, real-time motor feedback. When combined with properly designed control algorithms, diagnostics and safety limits, torque and force sensing can help detect overload conditions and reduce the duration or severity of overstress events.
Understanding torque in robotic systems
Every movement, from lifting an object to stabilization while walking, depends on accurate and precise torque measurements. When a humanoid robot picks up an object, the torque at each joint changes dynamically based on the object’s weight and position with respect to the body, and these changes occur in real time. The control system must detect and respond quickly – and accurately make adjustments – in order to maintain stability and prevent damage to itself.
By: Kyle Stone, product marketing manager, precision ADCs Texas Instruments
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